1 Scope of the Report
1.1 Market Introduction
1.2 Years Considered
1.3 Research Objectives
1.4 Market Research Methodology
1.5 Research Process and Data Source
1.6 Economic Indicators
1.7 Currency Considered
1.8 Market Estimation Caveats
2 Executive Summary
2.1 World Market Overview
2.1.1 Global Medical Rotary Chair Annual Sales 2018-2029
2.1.2 World Current & Future Analysis for Medical Rotary Chair by Geographic Region, 2018, 2022 & 2029
2.1.3 World Current & Future Analysis for Medical Rotary Chair by Country/Region, 2018, 2022 & 2029
2.2 Medical Rotary Chair Segment by Type
2.2.1 VOR Test Chair
2.2.2 vestibular rehabilitation Chair
2.2.3 TRV chair
2.2.4 Others
2.3 Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Type
2.3.1 Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
2.3.2 Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue and Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
2.3.3 Global Medical Rotary Chair Sale Price by Type (2018-2023)
2.4 Medical Rotary Chair Segment by Application
2.4.1 Hospital
2.4.2 Clinic
2.4.3 Others
2.5 Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Application
2.5.1 Global Medical Rotary Chair Sale Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
2.5.2 Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue and Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
2.5.3 Global Medical Rotary Chair Sale Price by Application (2018-2023)
3 Global Medical Rotary Chair by Company
3.1 Global Medical Rotary Chair Breakdown Data by Company
3.1.1 Global Medical Rotary Chair Annual Sales by Company (2018-2023)
3.1.2 Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Company (2018-2023)
3.2 Global Medical Rotary Chair Annual Revenue by Company (2018-2023)
3.2.1 Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Company (2018-2023)
3.2.2 Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Company (2018-2023)
3.3 Global Medical Rotary Chair Sale Price by Company
3.4 Key Manufacturers Medical Rotary Chair Producing Area Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type
3.4.1 Key Manufacturers Medical Rotary Chair Product Location Distribution
3.4.2 Players Medical Rotary Chair Products Offered
3.5 Market Concentration Rate Analysis
3.5.1 Competition Landscape Analysis
3.5.2 Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2018-2023)
3.6 New Products and Potential Entrants
3.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
4 World Historic Review for Medical Rotary Chair by Geographic Region
4.1 World Historic Medical Rotary Chair Market Size by Geographic Region (2018-2023)
4.1.1 Global Medical Rotary Chair Annual Sales by Geographic Region (2018-2023)
4.1.2 Global Medical Rotary Chair Annual Revenue by Geographic Region (2018-2023)
4.2 World Historic Medical Rotary Chair Market Size by Country/Region (2018-2023)
4.2.1 Global Medical Rotary Chair Annual Sales by Country/Region (2018-2023)
4.2.2 Global Medical Rotary Chair Annual Revenue by Country/Region (2018-2023)
4.3 Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales Growth
4.4 APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales Growth
4.5 Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales Growth
4.6 Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales Growth
5 Americas
5.1 Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Country
5.1.1 Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Country (2018-2023)
5.1.2 Americas Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Country (2018-2023)
5.2 Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Type
5.3 Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Application
5.4 United States
5.5 Canada
5.6 Mexico
5.7 Brazil
6 APAC
6.1 APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Region
6.1.1 APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Region (2018-2023)
6.1.2 APAC Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Region (2018-2023)
6.2 APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Type
6.3 APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Application
6.4 China
6.5 Japan
6.6 South Korea
6.7 Southeast Asia
6.8 India
6.9 Australia
6.10 China Taiwan
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Medical Rotary Chair by Country
7.1.1 Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Country (2018-2023)
7.1.2 Europe Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Country (2018-2023)
7.2 Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Type
7.3 Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Application
7.4 Germany
7.5 France
7.6 UK
7.7 Italy
7.8 Russia
8 Middle East & Africa
8.1 Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair by Country
8.1.1 Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Country (2018-2023)
8.1.2 Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Country (2018-2023)
8.2 Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Type
8.3 Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Application
8.4 Egypt
8.5 South Africa
8.6 Israel
8.7 Turkey
8.8 GCC Countries
9 Market Drivers, Challenges and Trends
9.1 Market Drivers & Growth Opportunities
9.2 Market Challenges & Risks
9.3 Industry Trends
10 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
10.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
10.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Medical Rotary Chair
10.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Medical Rotary Chair
10.4 Industry Chain Structure of Medical Rotary Chair
11 Marketing, Distributors and Customer
11.1 Sales Channel
11.1.1 Direct Channels
11.1.2 Indirect Channels
11.2 Medical Rotary Chair Distributors
11.3 Medical Rotary Chair Customer
12 World Forecast Review for Medical Rotary Chair by Geographic Region
12.1 Global Medical Rotary Chair Market Size Forecast by Region
12.1.1 Global Medical Rotary Chair Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
12.1.2 Global Medical Rotary Chair Annual Revenue Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
12.2 Americas Forecast by Country
12.3 APAC Forecast by Region
12.4 Europe Forecast by Country
12.5 Middle East & Africa Forecast by Country
12.6 Global Medical Rotary Chair Forecast by Type
12.7 Global Medical Rotary Chair Forecast by Application
13 Key Players Analysis
13.1 Interacoustics
13.1.1 Interacoustics Company Information
13.1.2 Interacoustics Medical Rotary Chair Product Portfolios and Specifications
13.1.3 Interacoustics Medical Rotary Chair Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
13.1.4 Interacoustics Main Business Overview
13.1.5 Interacoustics Latest Developments
13.2 DIFRA
13.2.1 DIFRA Company Information
13.2.2 DIFRA Medical Rotary Chair Product Portfolios and Specifications
13.2.3 DIFRA Medical Rotary Chair Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
13.2.4 DIFRA Main Business Overview
13.2.5 DIFRA Latest Developments
13.3 FRAMIRAL
13.3.1 FRAMIRAL Company Information
13.3.2 FRAMIRAL Medical Rotary Chair Product Portfolios and Specifications
13.3.3 FRAMIRAL Medical Rotary Chair Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
13.3.4 FRAMIRAL Main Business Overview
13.3.5 FRAMIRAL Latest Developments
13.4 Prolim
13.4.1 Prolim Company Information
13.4.2 Prolim Medical Rotary Chair Product Portfolios and Specifications
13.4.3 Prolim Medical Rotary Chair Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
13.4.4 Prolim Main Business Overview
13.4.5 Prolim Latest Developments
13.5 Synapsys
13.5.1 Synapsys Company Information
13.5.2 Synapsys Medical Rotary Chair Product Portfolios and Specifications
13.5.3 Synapsys Medical Rotary Chair Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
13.5.4 Synapsys Main Business Overview
13.5.5 Synapsys Latest Developments
14 Research Findings and Conclusion
Table 1. Medical Rotary Chair Annual Sales CAGR by Geographic Region (2018, 2022 & 2029) & ($ millions)
Table 2. Medical Rotary Chair Annual Sales CAGR by Country/Region (2018, 2022 & 2029) & ($ millions)
Table 3. Major Players of VOR Test Chair
Table 4. Major Players of vestibular rehabilitation Chair
Table 5. Major Players of TRV chair
Table 6. Major Players of Others
Table 7. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Type (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 8. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
Table 9. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Type (2018-2023) & ($ million)
Table 10. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
Table 11. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sale Price by Type (2018-2023) & (USD/Unit)
Table 12. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Application (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 13. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
Table 14. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Application (2018-2023)
Table 15. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
Table 16. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sale Price by Application (2018-2023) & (USD/Unit)
Table 17. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Company (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 18. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Company (2018-2023)
Table 19. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Company (2018-2023) ($ Millions)
Table 20. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Company (2018-2023)
Table 21. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sale Price by Company (2018-2023) & (USD/Unit)
Table 22. Key Manufacturers Medical Rotary Chair Producing Area Distribution and Sales Area
Table 23. Players Medical Rotary Chair Products Offered
Table 24. Medical Rotary Chair Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2018-2023)
Table 25. New Products and Potential Entrants
Table 26. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
Table 27. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Geographic Region (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 28. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share Geographic Region (2018-2023)
Table 29. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Geographic Region (2018-2023) & ($ millions)
Table 30. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Geographic Region (2018-2023)
Table 31. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Country/Region (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 32. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Country/Region (2018-2023)
Table 33. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Country/Region (2018-2023) & ($ millions)
Table 34. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Country/Region (2018-2023)
Table 35. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Country (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 36. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Country (2018-2023)
Table 37. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Country (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
Table 38. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Country (2018-2023)
Table 39. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Type (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 40. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Application (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 41. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Region (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 42. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
Table 43. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Region (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
Table 44. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Region (2018-2023)
Table 45. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Type (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 46. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Application (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 47. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Country (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 48. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Country (2018-2023)
Table 49. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Country (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
Table 50. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Country (2018-2023)
Table 51. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Type (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 52. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Application (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 53. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Country (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 54. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Country (2018-2023)
Table 55. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Revenue by Country (2018-2023) & ($ Millions)
Table 56. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Country (2018-2023)
Table 57. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Type (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 58. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Application (2018-2023) & (Units)
Table 59. Key Market Drivers & Growth Opportunities of Medical Rotary Chair
Table 60. Key Market Challenges & Risks of Medical Rotary Chair
Table 61. Key Industry Trends of Medical Rotary Chair
Table 62. Medical Rotary Chair Raw Material
Table 63. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Table 64. Medical Rotary Chair Distributors List
Table 65. Medical Rotary Chair Customer List
Table 66. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Forecast by Region (2024-2029) & (Units)
Table 67. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Forecast by Region (2024-2029) & ($ millions)
Table 68. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales Forecast by Country (2024-2029) & (Units)
Table 69. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Forecast by Country (2024-2029) & ($ millions)
Table 70. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales Forecast by Region (2024-2029) & (Units)
Table 71. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Forecast by Region (2024-2029) & ($ millions)
Table 72. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales Forecast by Country (2024-2029) & (Units)
Table 73. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Forecast by Country (2024-2029) & ($ millions)
Table 74. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales Forecast by Country (2024-2029) & (Units)
Table 75. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Forecast by Country (2024-2029) & ($ millions)
Table 76. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Forecast by Type (2024-2029) & (Units)
Table 77. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Forecast by Type (2024-2029) & ($ Millions)
Table 78. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Forecast by Application (2024-2029) & (Units)
Table 79. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Forecast by Application (2024-2029) & ($ Millions)
Table 80. Interacoustics Basic Information, Medical Rotary Chair Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 81. Interacoustics Medical Rotary Chair Product Portfolios and Specifications
Table 82. Interacoustics Medical Rotary Chair Sales (Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 83. Interacoustics Main Business
Table 84. Interacoustics Latest Developments
Table 85. DIFRA Basic Information, Medical Rotary Chair Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 86. DIFRA Medical Rotary Chair Product Portfolios and Specifications
Table 87. DIFRA Medical Rotary Chair Sales (Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 88. DIFRA Main Business
Table 89. DIFRA Latest Developments
Table 90. FRAMIRAL Basic Information, Medical Rotary Chair Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 91. FRAMIRAL Medical Rotary Chair Product Portfolios and Specifications
Table 92. FRAMIRAL Medical Rotary Chair Sales (Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 93. FRAMIRAL Main Business
Table 94. FRAMIRAL Latest Developments
Table 95. Prolim Basic Information, Medical Rotary Chair Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 96. Prolim Medical Rotary Chair Product Portfolios and Specifications
Table 97. Prolim Medical Rotary Chair Sales (Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 98. Prolim Main Business
Table 99. Prolim Latest Developments
Table 100. Synapsys Basic Information, Medical Rotary Chair Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 101. Synapsys Medical Rotary Chair Product Portfolios and Specifications
Table 102. Synapsys Medical Rotary Chair Sales (Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
Table 103. Synapsys Main Business
Table 104. Synapsys Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. Picture of Medical Rotary Chair
Figure 2. Medical Rotary Chair Report Years Considered
Figure 3. Research Objectives
Figure 4. Research Methodology
Figure 5. Research Process and Data Source
Figure 6. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Growth Rate 2018-2029 (Units)
Figure 7. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth Rate 2018-2029 ($ Millions)
Figure 8. Medical Rotary Chair Sales by Region (2018, 2022 & 2029) & ($ Millions)
Figure 9. Product Picture of VOR Test Chair
Figure 10. Product Picture of vestibular rehabilitation Chair
Figure 11. Product Picture of TRV chair
Figure 12. Product Picture of Others
Figure 13. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Type in 2022
Figure 14. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
Figure 15. Medical Rotary Chair Consumed in Hospital
Figure 16. Global Medical Rotary Chair Market: Hospital (2018-2023) & (Units)
Figure 17. Medical Rotary Chair Consumed in Clinic
Figure 18. Global Medical Rotary Chair Market: Clinic (2018-2023) & (Units)
Figure 19. Medical Rotary Chair Consumed in Others
Figure 20. Global Medical Rotary Chair Market: Others (2018-2023) & (Units)
Figure 21. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Application (2022)
Figure 22. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Application in 2022
Figure 23. Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market by Company in 2022 (Units)
Figure 24. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Company in 2022
Figure 25. Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market by Company in 2022 ($ Million)
Figure 26. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Company in 2022
Figure 27. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Geographic Region (2018-2023)
Figure 28. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Geographic Region in 2022
Figure 29. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales 2018-2023 (Units)
Figure 30. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Revenue 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 31. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales 2018-2023 (Units)
Figure 32. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Revenue 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 33. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales 2018-2023 (Units)
Figure 34. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Revenue 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 35. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales 2018-2023 (Units)
Figure 36. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Revenue 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 37. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Country in 2022
Figure 38. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Country in 2022
Figure 39. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
Figure 40. Americas Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
Figure 41. United States Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 42. Canada Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 43. Mexico Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 44. Brazil Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 45. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Region in 2022
Figure 46. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2022
Figure 47. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
Figure 48. APAC Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
Figure 49. China Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 50. Japan Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 51. South Korea Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 52. Southeast Asia Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 53. India Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 54. Australia Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 55. China Taiwan Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 56. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Country in 2022
Figure 57. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Country in 2022
Figure 58. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
Figure 59. Europe Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
Figure 60. Germany Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 61. France Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 62. UK Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 63. Italy Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 64. Russia Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 65. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Country in 2022
Figure 66. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share by Country in 2022
Figure 67. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
Figure 68. Middle East & Africa Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
Figure 69. Egypt Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 70. South Africa Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 71. Israel Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 72. Turkey Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 73. GCC Country Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Growth 2018-2023 ($ Millions)
Figure 74. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Medical Rotary Chair in 2022
Figure 75. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Medical Rotary Chair
Figure 76. Industry Chain Structure of Medical Rotary Chair
Figure 77. Channels of Distribution
Figure 78. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
Figure 79. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
Figure 80. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2024-2029)
Figure 81. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2024-2029)
Figure 82. Global Medical Rotary Chair Sales Market Share Forecast by Application (2024-2029)
Figure 83. Global Medical Rotary Chair Revenue Market Share Forecast by Application (2024-2029)
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